Economy · Finland · Inflows

United States holds 13.6% of the 565.3 bn of Finland's securities identified by holder

Name: Money ladder: Finland, inflows
Creator: datasteg
License: https://money-flow.datasteg.com/en/sources#licences

Who puts money into this economy, through which instruments, and where its own money goes · United States holds 13.6% of the 565.3 bn of securities identified by holder (including 39.7 bn held by reserve managers and international organisations) · Portfolio end-2025 (half-yearly) · bank claims Q4 2025 (quarterly) · direct investment end-2024 · release 20261103.1 · method 1.5 · Updated 3 Nov 2026, 07:40 KST

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Economy

Direction

Width

Basis

Periods

Holders shown

Day

Latest 2026-11-03

Securities held abroad
565.3 bn
end-2025 · 68 holders · IMF PIP
Bank claims on Finland
84.8 bn
Q4 2025 · 4.6 bn in USD · BIS LBS
Gross external liabilities (incl. equity)
1,102.3 bn
debt 688.9 bn · equity 372.2 bn · derivatives 41.3 bn · Q4 2025 · IMF IIP
Net IIP (assets − liabilities)
+50.1 bn
1,152.4 bn assets − 1,102.3 bn liabilities · Q4 2025 · IMF IIP
FX reserves
22.7 bn
Aug 2026 · IMF international Reserves

The money ladder, Finland, inflows, USD bn

Positions at the newest period all channels share · width is the position · residence basis

⋯

GlobalIssuing central banks, total assets (own scale)

Switzerland1,148.02026-07-31
China7,285.22026-06-30
Euro area6,739.22026-10-25
UK1,080.82026-07-31
Japan4,020.92026-07-31
United States6,745.62026-10-28

Source: BIS CBTA; ECB ILM; Federal Reserve via FRED

CountryBorder (IIP), liabilities, Q4 2025

Total1,102.3
Portfolio678.3
Direct169.1
Other213.6

Source: IMF IIP

CountryMade here

Central bank assets122.72026-07-31
FX reserves22.72026-08-31

Source: BIS CBTA; IMF IRFCL

Source: BIS central bank total assets; BIS locational banking statistics (Q4 2025); IMF international Investment Position (Q4 2025); IMF international Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity. Calculations: datasteg money-flow, method 1.5, rules R1, R2, R3, R5, R6, R7. · Updated 3 Nov 2026

Coverage

Portfolio identified by holder83.3%

565.3 / 678.3 bn · of which reserve managers and international organisations 39.7 bn

Bank loans and deposits identified75.0%

63.6 / 84.8 bn · IIP loans 57.7 bn, deposits 123.2 bn · 27.3% of all reporters' claims come from reporters with no instrument split (Germany, Jersey, Japan) and stay outside the ribbon (R5)

Direct investment identified100.0%

90.1 / 85.8 bn (DIP, the host's valuation) · IIP 143.0 bn (market value) · exceeds the total by 4.3 bn (coverage capped at 100%)

Sources

MBIS central bank total assets2026-07
QBIS locational banking statistics2026-06
QIMF international Investment Position2026-06
MIMF international Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity2026-09

Rules applied

Checks

PassV3Every node adds up to its total
PassV5FX reserves: 21.8 bn vs 21.8 bn (0.0% apart, 2026-06)
PassV5portfolio_assets: 651.3 bn vs 666.0 bn (2.2% apart, 2025-12)
InformationV5fdi_liabilities: 85.8 bn vs 143.0 bn (40.0% apart, 2024-12)
InformationV619 direct investment pairs: the two reports differ by more than 50%
InformationR5Bank ribbon: loans and deposits 84.8 bn only. All instruments 207.8 bn = loans and deposits + debt securities 94.1 bn (counted in portfolio debt) + derivatives and other 28.9 bn (a pool of its own)
WarningV14Direct investment: pair data exceed the IIP total by 4.3 bn (coverage capped at 100%)

Flows

Border transactions (BOP, published flows)

Portfolio
Q2 2026 · IMF BOP+19.0 bn
Direct
Q2 2026 · IMF BOP−4.1 bn
Other
Q2 2026 · IMF BOP+32.6 bn

Transactions, with no valuation change (R8); never added to positions.

Market context

Credit to the private sector
Q1 2026 · BIS TC566.7 bn
International debt securities
Q2 2026 · BIS DSS330.8 bn

Domestic sizes are context only; no foreign share is computed (M5).

Cite

Cite this view

datasteg (2026), “Money ladder: Finland, inflows”, datasteg money-flow, release 20261103.1, method 1.5, 3 November 2026, https://money-flow.datasteg.com/en/e/FIN?r=20261103.1&ch=equity%2Cbank%2Cfdi%2Cdebt&d=2026-11-03&dir=in.

Figure note: Source: datasteg money-flow (release 20261103.1, method 1.5), from BIS CBTA, BIS LBS, IMF IIP and IMF IRFCL.

BibTeX

@misc{datasteg:mf:FIN-in:20261103.1,
  author       = {{datasteg}},
  title        = {Money ladder: {Finland}, inflows},
  howpublished = {datasteg money-flow, release 20261103.1, method 1.5},
  year         = {2026},
  date         = {2026-11-03},
  url          = {https://money-flow.datasteg.com/en/e/FIN?r=20261103.1&ch=equity%2Cbank%2Cfdi%2Cdebt&d=2026-11-03&dir=in},
  urldate      = {2026-11-03},
  note         = {Positions from BIS CBTA, BIS LBS, IMF IIP, IMF IRFCL}
}

The datasets' own citations (4)

Bank for International Settlements (2026), Central bank total assets, retrieved 27 October 2026, https://data.bis.org/topics/CBTA.
Bank for International Settlements (2026), Locational banking statistics, retrieved 30 October 2026, https://data.bis.org/topics/LBS.
International Monetary Fund (2026), International Investment Position, retrieved 27 October 2026, https://data.imf.org/en/datasets/IMF.STA:IIP.
International Monetary Fund (2026), International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity, retrieved 29 October 2026, https://data.imf.org/en/datasets/IMF.STA:IRFCL.

The method's citation

datasteg (2026), “Money-flow methodology”, version 1.5, datasteg money-flow, 2 November 2026, https://money-flow.datasteg.com/en/method?v=1.5.

@misc{datasteg:mf:method:1.5,
  author       = {{datasteg}},
  title        = {Money-flow methodology},
  howpublished = {datasteg money-flow, version 1.5},
  year         = {2026},
  date         = {2026-11-02},
  url          = {https://money-flow.datasteg.com/en/method?v=1.5},
  urldate      = {2026-11-02}
}

Notes

Position. The stock outstanding at the end of a period, at market or book value as the source reports it.
Flow. The change over a period: a published transaction, or the difference of two positions (then valuation changes are mixed in).
Residence. Positions assigned to the economy where the holder or the bank office is located.
Nationality. Bank positions assigned to the economy where the bank's parent is headquartered (BIS CBS).
Coverage. The share of an economy's total for a channel that pair data identify by counterparty.
Financial centre (FC). An economy whose external positions are large relative to its GDP; holdings there often belong to investors elsewhere. The BIS offshore centres carry the tag FC; Luxembourg, Ireland, the Netherlands and Switzerland, where funds are domiciled, carry FD: a holder there is a fund domicile, not an end investor.